The Centaur Half Human, Half Horse of Greek Mythology

In Greek and Roman mythology, a centaur is a member of a race of people who are half man and half horse. They were children of the arrogant and overbearing Kentaurus, who had sexual intercourse with mares on Mount Pelion and produced hyper-masculine men with a weakness for wine and women and given to violent behavior.   Fast Facts: Centaurs in Greek Mythology, Half Human, Half Horse Alternate Names: Kentauroi and HippokentauroiCulture/Country: Greek and Roman mythologyRealms and Powers: Wooded parts of Mt. Pelion, ArcadiaFamily: Most of the centaurs are descendants of the obnoxious and bestial Centaurus, except for wise Cheiron and Pholos.Primary Sources: Pindar, Apollodorus, Diodorus of Sicily Centaurs in Greek Mythology The centaur race (Kentauroi or Hippokentauroi in Greek) was created out of Zeus anger. A man named Ixion lived on Mt. Pelion and wanted to marry Dia, the daughter of Deioneous, and promised to give her father a large bride price. Instead, Ixion built a large pit filled with blazing coals to catch his father-in-law and kill him when he came to collect his money. After committing this heinous crime, Ixion sought mercy fruitlessly, until Zeus took pity and invited him to Olympos to share the life of the gods. In return, Ixion attempted to seduce Zeus wife Hera, who complained to Zeus. The almighty god made a cloud Hera and put it into Ixions bed, where he mated with it. The result was the obnoxious and bestial Kentaurus (Centaurus), who mated with several mares and produced the half men/half horses of Greek prehistory. Ixion himself was condemned to the underworld, one of the sinners who suffer everlasting torment in Hades. In some sources, all of the descendants of Centaurus were called Hippo-Centaurus.   Appearance and Reputation   The earliest depictions of centaurs had six legs—a horse body with an entire man attached to the front. Later, centaurs were illustrated with four horse legs and a mans torso and head springing from where the horses head and neck would be.   Almost all of the centaurs were mindlessly sexually and physically violent, half-bestial with little access to females and no self-control, and driven mad by wine and its smell. The two exceptions are Cheiron (or Chiron), who was a tutor to many of the heroes in Greek legends, and the philosopher Pholos (Pholus), a friend of Hercules (Herakles). There are no extant stories about female centaurs, but there are a few examples in ancient art, the daughters of centaurs that married nymphs. Centauromachy (The Centaur/Lapith Wars)   The homeland of the centaurs was in the wooded areas of Mount Pelion, where they lived side by side with nymphs and satyrs; but they were ejected from that location at the end of the wars with their kinsmen the Lapith. The tale is that Peirithoos, a faithful companion of the Greek hero Theseus and a chieftain of the Lapith, threw a feast on his marriage to Hippodameia, and invited his kinsmen the centaurs to attend. Knowing the centaurs lack of control, Peirithoos attempted to serve them milk, but they rejected it and were driven mad by the smell of the wine. They began to molest the female guests, including the bride, which began a furious battle in the hall. One centaur, Eurytion, was dragged out of the hall and his ears and nostrils were cut off.   Fracas at the Wedding Feast of Peirithoos, Bassai Sculpture, The Phigaleian Frieze, Temple of Apollo, Bassae Greece, 420–400 BCE. Print Collector / Hulton Archive / Getty Images Some versions of the story say that set off the Centauromachy, where the Lapiths (with help from Theseus) fought with swords and the centaurs with tree trunks. The centaurs lost and were forced to leave Thessaly, and eventually found their way to the wild mountainous region of Arcadia, which is where Herakles found them.   Cheiron and Pholos Cheiron (or Chiron) was a wise centaur who was born immortal, married Chariklo and had children, and accumulated wisdom and knowledge and a fondness for humans. He was said to have been the son of the titan Kronos, who turned himself into a horse to seduce the Oceanid nymph Phillyrea. Cheiron was the tutor of several of the heroes of Greek history, such as Jason, who lived in Chirons cave for 20 years; and Asklepios, who learned botanical and veterinary medicine from Cheiron. Other pupils included Nestor, Achilles, Meleager, Hippolytos, and Odysseus.   19th Century Ivory Sculpture of Chiron and Achilles. S. Vannini / De Agostini Picture Library / Getty Images Plus Another fairly wise leader of the centaurs was Pholos, who was said to be the son of Seilenos the satyr and a Melian nymph. Pholos was visited by Herakles before beginning his fourth labor—Capturing the Erymanthian Boar. Pholos served a meal of meat—thoughtfully cooking Herakles portion. Herakles opened a jar of wine and the smell drove the centaurs gathered outside the cave mad. They rushed the cave, armed with trees and rocks, but Herakles battled them, and the centaurs fled seeking refuge with Cheiron. Herakles shot an arrow after them, but Cheiron was shot, an incurable injury because the arrow had been poisoned with hydra blood from an earlier Labor; Pholos was also shot and died.   Nessos and Herakles Nessos (or Nessus), on the other hand, was the more typically behaved centaur whose job was to ferry people across the river Euenos. After his labors were ended, Herakles married Deineira and lived with her father the King of Calydon until he killed a page of royal blood. Herakles was forced to flee home to Thessaly, and he and his wife Deianeira reached Euenos and paid for the ferry ride. But when Nessos attempted to rape Deineira in mid-stream, Herakles killed him. As he died, Nessos told Deianeira about a way to keep her husband close to her—bad advice from a bad source that eventually led to Herakles death.   Marble statue of Hercules battling the Centaur Nessus; carved by Giambologna in 1599. Loggia dei Lanzi in Piazza della Signoria in Florence, Italy. Fred Matos / Moment / Getty Images Plus Sources and Further Reading Hard, Robin. The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology. London: Routledge, 2003.  Hansen, William. Classical Mythology: A Guide to the Mythical World of the Greeks and Romans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.Leeming, David. The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, 2005. Print.Scobie, Alex. The Origins of Centaurs. Folklore 89.2 (1978): 142–47.  Smith, William, and G.E. Marindon, eds. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. London: John Murray, 1904.

Cma Solutions - 63195 Words

Entrance Examination Syllabus Reference Material Copyright 2006 The Society of Management Accountants of Canada All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the permission of the copyright holder. Entrance Examination Syllabus Reference Material Introduction The purpose of this reference material is to assist you in reviewing your technical knowledge of selected topics listed in the CMA Entrance Examination Syllabus. The questions illustrate the range in type and depth of knowledge that may be tested in CMA Entrance Examination questions, but they do not represent simulations of the style and composition of CMA Entrance Examination questions. This material contains a selection of problems and†¦show more content†¦CMA Canada Entrance Examination Syllabus Reference Material Question Number Interim reporting (FA) Harburg Ltd. 20 24 1 17 21 26 30 13 28 21 27 29 17 5 10 26 29 30 1 7 8 12 27 30 1 10 12 13 27 30 10 29 30 Internal control Precision Company Joint costing (MA) Canadian Alcov Ltd. Leases (FA) Oletivy Ltd. Audiotron Limited Management control in not-for-profit and government organizations (MA) Amos Police Force Marketing Worldtech Operations management Sweet Company Harvard Industrial Tools Inc. Ownership equity and earnings per share (FA) Audiotron Limited Epic Ltd. High Tech Incorporated Pensions (FA) Oletivy Ltd. Performance evaluation and reward systems (MA) Ferguson Foundry Limited Cedar Electronics Limited Amos Police Force High Tech Incorporated Worldtech Pricing (MA) Canadian Alcov Ltd. Shanks Golf School Brookfield Gearbox Products Slick Ltd. Epic Ltd. Worldtech Relevant costing (MA) Canadian Alcov Ltd. Cedar Electronics Limited Slick Ltd. Sweet Company Epic Ltd. Worldtech Responsibility accounting (MA) Cedar Electronics Limited High Tech Incorporated Worldtech CMA Canada 4 Entrance Examination Syllabus Reference Material Question Number Segmented information (FA) Harburg Ltd. Epic Ltd. 20 27 9 13 14 25 29 28 22 30 10 30 4 5 6 11 28 Short and intermediate-term financial planing and management (CF) Vancouver Excavation Limited Sweet Company Pro-ChipShow MoreRelatedCma Mock Exam Solution19872 Words   |  80 PagesFall 2011 Mock Entrance Examination 1 Solutions  © 2011 Certified Management Accountants of Ontario. All rights reserved.  ®/â„ ¢ Registered Trade-Marks/Trade-Marks are owned by the Certified Management Accountants of Ontario. 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Is Competition Good or Bad Free Essays

A continuing concern within physical education is the proper role and level of competition. Many of the abuses associated with organized sport are assumed to be the result of an overemphasis on competition, of a win-at-all -costs perspective. It is not uncommon for physical educators to advocate reducing competition, to replace competitive activities with cooperative activities, and to modify competitive activities in ways that reduce competitiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Competition Good or Bad or any similar topic only for you Order Now In its most extreme form, this kind of criticism within the physical-education profession suggests that competitive activities are harmful for children. The issue can be viewed from another perspective. The issue is not whether competition is all good or all bade, but rather is how we can eliminate bad competition and emphasize good competition. Good competition creates a festival atmosphere, with all the attending traditions, rituals, and celebrations. Good competition creates a forum within which children and youth can test themselves against accepted standards of excellence. Good competition involves rivalry, but never the kind of rivalry in which one side can win only to the extent that the other side loses. Good competition also means striving within the rules and traditions to do the best you can and then, when the competition is over, understanding that the winning or losing have little meaning outside the competition itself. Bad competition, on the other hand, should be eliminated. Using the rules to gain an advantage, assuming that the only way to win is to have the best score, disregarding the traditions and rituals of the activity, and letting the outcomes affect you after the competition is over are all indications of inappropriate competition. Students in physical education should learn the differences between good and bad competition. The only way they can do this is to have these things pointed out to them as they experience good competition. How to cite Is Competition Good or Bad, Essay examples

It is January 16, 1991, and the green light has be Essay Example For Students

It is January 16, 1991, and the green light has be Essay en given to move out, the Persian Gulf War is now for real. Mark Daniels is among the pilots with the first set of planes that are scheduled to attack Iraq. Mark is one of the top pilots in the Gulf at a young age of 23. Not only does Mark possess the intellectual skills that it takes to be a top fighter pilot, but he also has one of the toughest bodies. He is known to be able to handle more Gs than any other pilot in military history without passing out. Mark is one guy that the U. S. military is glad to have on their side. Mark completes the first air strikes against Iraq with ease. He would have several more days like this up to the 24th of February when the allied forces halted military actions. Kuwait was a mess, but it seemed as though the allies had done their job. There was also another reason to celebrate. The allies only lost 149 troops to Iraqs thousands and thousands. On April 6, it was officially over after Iraq agreed to a permanent cease-fire. Allied troops started hea ding home, including Mark. There were tears and laughs along with parades and other festivities to celebrate the wars end when troops returned home to their loving countries. As for Mark, he had done his job, he defeated the enemy and kept himself alive. His own personal joy and relief overwhelmed him to the extent of asking his girlfriend for her hand in marriage. She immediately said yes. Within a year and a half upon the years end, Mark and his wife had their first child. Their child was not born as healthy as they had hoped. Mark was devastated at his childs problems. Why did these things have to happen to his child? In the weeks to come, rumors were spreading that many babies of veterans were also born with problems. Veterans themselves were getting sick. Something was wrong, and people went to the government for answers. Those people didnt get what they expected. The governments only answer was that they had post-war stress. That didnt stop many though for trying to find out w hat was really going on. In reality, Mark Daniels only represents all of those who fought in the war. Just as he thought the government wasnt telling all they knew, so did real life people. Many reasons are now known to show that there is such a thing as Gulf War Syndrome (GWS) making people sick, and that the United States government is not telling the public all the facts. To understand the controversy surrounding Gulf War syndrome, its best to know a little bit about what it is. The problem with this unknown sickness is that the government doesnt believe it exists. The government believes that if GWS is anything, it is linked to post war stress, not chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons (4). Kenneth Bacon, a Pentagon spokesman states, The Pentagon has made some mistakes in its initial approach to veterans claims, but we still believe there is no such thing as Gulf War Syndrome (17). Studies on GWS, however, point to a different result. After the Persian Gulf War, veterans along with their families started to get sick. Symptoms include the following: muscle and joint pain, mood changes, concentration problems, headaches, insomnia, rashes, blisters, intestinal complaints, fatigue, visual problems, shortage of breath, hair loss, numbness in hands and feet, dental problems, chest pain, fevers, dizziness, sinus problems, sensitive senses, reproductive p roblems, and cancers. These symptoms alone are nothing to be worried about, but a large number of veterans were experiencing at least several of these problems at one time (Brown). Also, reports indicate that 70% of the troops that served in the Gulf War are no longer serving in the military, and 50% of those claim to have left because of medical problems. About 490,000 troops have gone to Veterans Administration (VA) hospitals because of GWS (ABDC). Studies also show that almost 67% of babies born to Gulf War veterans have birth defects that include Goldenhar Syndrome, missing limbs, chronic infections, failure to thrive,